Additional Terms and Markings

You may occasionally see a variety of terms in the music indicating that the music should be performed in a particular way. Here are just a few items:
Item	Meaning
	Staccato, detached: when playing the note, make sure it is separated from the other notes around it. (Indicated by a dot over the note, not to be confused with dotted rhythms, in which the dot appears immediately to the right of the note.)
	Tenuto, held: when playing the note, sustain it for its full rhythmic value (opposite of staccato).
	Accento, accented: accent or emphasize the note.
	Fermata, a pause: when placed over a note, the beat temporarily stops and the note is held for a time.
Repeat Signs There are several types of repeat signs used in music. Following this "road map" through the music may seem confusing at first, but it usually makes sense after you work your way through it. A diagram appears below. D.C. or da cappo — Return to the head (beginning). May also be written D.C. al fine or da cappo al fine, which means return to the head (that is, the beginning), and stop when you get to the place marked fine (usually also marked with an end bar). Memory tip: a cap goes on your head. D.S. or dal segno — Return to the sign. Same as D.C., except you go back to a sign instead of the beginning. Repeat bars — Repeat bars are double-bars with 2 dots to the right or left. They are like right and left parentheses — the music inside of them is repeated. Repeat bars with first and second endings — A bracket may be placed above one or more measures before the repeat sign. This means these bars are played the first time, but skipped the second time. Repeat sign combinations — Sometimes both repeat bars and D.C. or D.S. appears. When this happens, follow the repeat bars, then continue playing until you get to the D.C. or D.S. at which point you return to the beginning or to the sign and play the music again. In classical music, the repeats are not usually played again after the D.C. or D.S. However, in contemporary music, the repeats may be played again.

	In the recording, the repeat is played again after the D.S.
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